Method for finishing glassware



Oct. 1951 c. w. SCHREIBER METHOD FOR FINISHING GLASSWARE 4 Sheets-Sheet1 Original Filed June 19, 1947 Carl W. chreilaer Oct. 9, 1951 c, w,SCHREIBER 7 2,571,066

METHOD FOR FINISHING GLASSWARE Original Filed June 19, 1947 4Sheets-Sheet 2 Carl W. Soahrei Ber Oct. 9, 1951 c. w. SCHREIBER METHODFOR FINISHING GLASSWARE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Zlvwcmto'b Carl W- SchrelberOriginal Filed June 19, 1947 Patented Oct. 9, 1951 METHOD FOR FINISHINGGLASSWARE Carl W. Schreiber, Toledo, Ohio, assignor to General GlassEquipment 00., Atlantic City, N. 1., a corporation of New JerseyOriginal application June 19, 1947, Serial No;

1949, Serial No. 106,865

1 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in methods for finishingglassware. More particularly, it is concerned with the severance of amoil from an article of glassware, for the formation of a bead on thesevered edge of the ware, for the polishing of and the annealing of thetreated ware.

A principal object of this invention is the provision of new proceduresfor severing a moil from an article of glassware, polishing andfinishing the ware.

Further objects include:

(1) The provision of such methods which employ stretching for severingthe moil from the ware by the use of a burner having an impingingannular flame applied to the wall of the glassware wherein thestretching is accomplished by control of the separation of themechanisms used to grip the moil and the bottom of the ware during theseverance operation;

(2) The provision of an automatic method for disposal of the severedmoil;

(3) The provision of a method for automatically polishing and annealingthe ware as a step in the cycle of operation.

(4) The provision of a novel method for the automatic control of theflame quality during the operation of such apparatus.

Still further objects and the entire scope of applicability of thepresent invention will become apparent from the detailed descriptiongiven hereinafter; it should be understood, however, that the detaileddescription, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, isgiven by way of illustration only, since various changes andmodifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will becomeapparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

The procedures of this invention will become more readily apparent byreference to the attached drawing showing apparatus for use therewith,in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical view, partly insection, of one embodiment ofapparatus for this invention. The view shows in solid the relativeposition of parts at the completion of a cycle of operation with theware completely treated and ready to be removed. The figure also showsin I dotted elevation the relative position of parts during the glassheating operation prior to stretching;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 with thecover over the moil gripping chuck unit removed;

Figure 3 is a detailed plan view of the moil gripping chuck unit partlybroken away;

Divided and this application July 26,

Figure 4 is a detailed sectional view of apor tion of the moil grippingchuck unit shown in Figure 3, taken along the line 44 of Figure 5;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the allparatus takenalong theline 5-5 of Figure 2;,

Figure 6 is a detailed, vertical, sectional viewv of the suction controlvalve shown in Figure 5;

Figure '7 is a sectional plan view of the cam and slide arrangementstaken along the line 1- 1, of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a detailed, vertical, sectional view of the flame qualitycontrol unit shown in Fig-v ure 5; Y

Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view of the cam and slide arrangementtaken along the line 9-51v of Figure 5;

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view of the main control cam andillustratesthe relation between successive steps which constitute one complete.cycle of the apparatus shown in the preceding figures.

Briefly, the invention utilizes a chuck for gripping the moil and aholder for holding the ware in axial alignment with a burner. At thestart of the operation, the glassware with moil attached is placed inthe holder. The burner then moves vertically with its annular flameagainst the walls of the glass serving as a means to polish the glass,The continued vertical movement of the unit causes the Ware holder to bepicked up and moved vertically along with the burner so as to brin themoil into engagement with the moil gripping chuck. At the same time,suction is applied to the base of the ware by the holder. the chuck gripthe moil and together with the holder cause the relative rotationbetween the glassware and fixed annular flame.

A cam control mechanism holds theburner and the ware holder units at afixed elevation for a principal glass wall softening period andimmediately thereafter, the ware is lowered away from the moil apredetermined distance and the softened wall of the glass is stretched.The sev-f erance of the moil of the ware is completed by continuedapplication of the flame at the stretched section of the glass. The wareand burner then begin to descend during which time the application offlame at the severed edge with rotation of the ware results in theformation of a bead on the severed edge. Thereafter, the ware is stoppedand the burner continues the downward movement with the hot impingingannular flame effecting a further polishing and annealing. of the ware.At the same time, the severed moil is swung to the side by the chuckmechanism and The jaws of dropped through a pipe to a cullet receiver,placed under the apparatus, by the opening of the chuck jaws.

By the time the ware completes its descent, the suction on the basethereof is released and then as soon as the burner completes its descentor at any other portion of the travel of the burner as may be desired,the oxygen supply of the flame is stopped and the temperature of theflame is dropped. This results in the finished article being elevatedabove the burner with the suction removed ready to be replaced byanother piece of glassware for a repeated cycle of operation.

Referring in detail to the drawing, the apparatus consists of a moilgripping chuck unit 2, a burner 4, and a ware holder unit 6, all ofwhich are in axial aligmnent when positioned for severance of the moilfrom the ware. However, for the disposal of the moil, the chuck unitswings out of the axial alignment as shown in Figure 3.

' The burner 4, which is of conventional type, is supplied throughinjector 8 which connects through globe valve ID to a gas line I2 andthrough globe valve I4 to an oxygen supply line IS. The burner 4 issupported upon bracket I8 which is mounted upon the slide 20, which, inturn, is carried by the rectangular slideway 22 for verticalreciprocation. A second bracket 24 is also mounted upon the slide 20,this latter bracket 24 serving to raise and lower the ware holder aswill be described more fully hereinafter.

The brackets 68 and 24 constitute angular extensions of a plate member26 which has slots 28 through which bolts 30 extend for fastening theplate 26 to the rear portion'32 of the slide 20.

At the base of the slide 20, there is a lug 34 which carries anadjustment screw 36. The adjustment screw 36 permits the plate 26 andthe integral brackets I8 and 24 to be raised or lowered by sliding theplate26 on the bolts 30, so as adjust the position of the burner andholder relative to the moil gripping chuck during the severing operationand thus, permit the accommodation of glass articles of different size.

The slide 20 is provided with extensions-38 and which carry rollers 40.These rollers 40 rest upon levers 42 which are pivoted at the fulcrumend 44 on the brace '46 by means of pin 48. Between the free end 4| andthe fulcrum end 44 of the lever 42, there is positioned bymeans of a pin50, and between the two separate levers, a roller 52. This roller 52rides upon a cam 54 and thus, serves to raise and lower the slide 20through movement of the lever 42 by the cam 54.

The ware holder 6 consists of ring centered bottom plate 56 havingperforations 58 about which isplaced a ring of asbestos 60. The plate 56is attached by vapor-tight connection to the tubular shaft 62. Thisshaft passes freely through an opening 64 in the bracket 24 and rides ina bearing 66, carried by the bracket 24. The upper portion of the shaft62 is supplied with threads which serve to position the adjustment nutI0. By threading the nut III up or down upon the shaft 62, the distancethat the holder 6 will descend to below the burner 4, when the burnerand holder are both in their uppermost position, may be regulated. Inthis way, glass articles of various sizes may be accommodated byadjustment of the burner position relative to the baseof .any given sizeware.

The lower part of the shaft 62 passes through a bearing I2 which isattached to the baseil4iof the apparatus. At the lower end of thebearing 12 there is a gear 16 which is keyed to the shaft 62 and servesto rotate the shaft 62 and the holder 6. The key way I8 in the shaft 62extends throughout its length so that the shaft may slide lengthwise inthe bearing 12 and the gear I6 while being rotated.

The gear 16 is held in place against the bottom of the bearing 12 byplate which is positioned upon the base 14 by the spacers 82. The plate80 also supports idler gears 84 and 86, as well as the flame qualitycontrol unit 88.

At the lower end of the shaft 62 there is a suction control valve 90.This valve 90, the details of which are shown in Figure 6, consists of achamber 92 having opposed seating surfaces 94 and 96 and a hole 98leading into the chamber. The shaft 62 extends into the chamber 92through the hole 98 and there is provided on the shaft 62 within thechamber an annular collar I00. This collar hasseating surfaces I02 andL04 respectively of the chamber 92.

The chamber 82 is formed in an extention I08,

that is connected by means of threads IIO upon a tubular shaft II2,which is axially aligned with the shaft 52. The shaft, I I2is,inturn, carried, in a bushing H4 which is held by means of bracket I I8extending from a portion of the basev 4. The opposite end of the bracketI I6 is provided with slots II'I which permits the bracket to beadjusted to different vertical heights. The lower end of the shaft H2 isconnectedthrough elbow M8 to a'flexible tub'e I20, which, in turn,connects to the vacuum connection I22 upon the pump I24.

The operation of the holder 6, shaft 62, suction control means andassociated parts may be briefly described as follows: As seen in Figurel,

at the beginning of anoperation, the slide 20.

will be loweredby means of the lever 42 to such an extent that thebracket 24 and bearing 66 are disengaged from the adjustment nut "andthe burner 4 is near to'the holder 6 which is held in an elevatedposition from the bracket 24, because the annular collar I00 on theshaft 62 rests upon the seating surface 98 which, in turn, rests uponthe bracket IIB. As the slide 20 is raised by the lever 42 throughoperation of the cam 54, the burner 4 and bracket 24 willcorrespondingly be raised and the hot annular flame willtravel up theside of the ware I28. When the slide 20 had risen sufficiently so thatthe upper surface of the bearing '65 on the bracket 24 contacts theadjustment nut Ill, the holderffi and the attached shaft 62 wil1 beraised simultaneously with the slide 29 and the burner/4, so thatthroughout-the remainder of the upward ascent of the slide the relativeposition of the burner 4, holder Ii and ware I28 willremain the same. 7

As soon as the shaft62 is raised, the annular. collar I00 willbeseparated from, the. seat 96' and then a short distance further of.travel 'will cause the seat I 02to contact seat 94. As soon as thiscontact of seats 94 and. H12. results, the bleeding of air from theatmosphere through the: hole 98 into the chamber 92 and,through,theradial ports I06 into the tubular shaft I-I2. will be stoppedandasuction on the basev of the ware I28 will resultbecause of thereducedpres,- sure in the shaft 62 being conveyed to, the ware throughtheperforationsjfl, 1

Upon completion. of themoil evflli tn fil p lfr,

ation and heading of the severed edge of the ware, the burner 4 andholder 6 will descend together for a short distance until the extensionI08 again comes to rest upon the bracket H6 at which time the seats 94and I02 will be disconnected and the suction will be released by thebleeding of air through hole 98 as described above. Further descent ofthe slide 20 will cause the collar I to seat upon surface 96 and preventfurther descent of the holder 6, so that the burner 4 will then traveldown the sides of the ware until the further descent of the slide 20 isstopped by the cam 54. Throughout this entire operation, the shaft 62and, in turn, holder 6 and ware I28 are rotated by means of gear 16 andassociated gears.

The moil gripping chuck unit 2 consists of a base member I30 which isprovided with tubular extensions I32 and I34. The extension I32 carriesa housing I36 to which the chuck jaws I38 are attached by means of pinsI40. The ends I42 of the chuck jaws I38 engage a rod clutch I44. The rodclutch extends through the jaw spindle I46 which rides in bearings I48and I50. The upper end of the jaw spindle I46 is keyed to a gear I52which is driven through idler gears I54 and the gears I56 and I58.

The upper end of the jaw spindle I46 is recessed to receive spring I60which forces against retaining bearing I62 and serves to actuate the rodclutch I44 and chuck jaws I38.

A lever I64 having a forked end I66 is pivoted on pin I which issupported by bracket I12 attached to the base I30. The forked end I66 ofthe lever rests upon the bearing I62 of the rod clutch I44, while thefree end of the lever is provided with a roller I14.

The tubular extension I34 of the base I30 carries a tubular shaft I16. Asolid shaft I18 rides within the tubular shaft I16 on the bearings I80and I82, while the tubular shaft I16 itself rides upon the bearing I84.Thus, it will be seen that the entire chuck unit 2 is indirectlysupported upon the bearing I84 through the tubular shaft I16 and is freeto rotate about this shaft. However, free rotation of the unit 2 isprevented by means of the spring I86 which is fastened at one end to thebrace 46 by means of stud I88 and at the other end to the stud I90 whichextends from the tubular shaft I16.

The ware holder 6 and the chuck jaws I38 are rotated at the same rate ofspeed indirectly through the shaft I18. Thus, ware holder 6 is driven bygear 16 which, in turn, is driven by idle gears 84 and 86 and gears I92and I94, the latter gear being fastened directly to the shaft I18.Likewise, chuck jaws I38 are driven through spindle I46 which is keyedto gear I52 driven by idlers I54 and gears I56 and I58, the latter gearbeing attached directly to the shaft I18.

The shaft I18 rides in bearings I80 and I82 which are supported by thetubular shaft I16 and bearing I65 which is supported upon the base 14.The tubular shaft I16 is also supported by the arm support I98. Upon thebearing I96 rests a roller bearing 200 which supports a, tubular section202. On top of the tubular section 202 there is a spiral gear 204 keyedto the shaft I18 and supporting the bearing I84 which, in turn, supportstubular shaft I16.

Rotation of the drive shaft I18 is accomplished through spiral gear 206which meshes with spira1 gear 204 fastened upon the shaft. In turn, gear206 is attached on the output shaft 208 of the transmission 2 I 0, whichis driven by motor 2I2 through pulley 2I4, belt 2I6 and pulley-2H3,

which is attached to the input shaft of the transmission 220. Thearrangements of these'pulleys and motor can best be seen in Figure 2,whereas the arrangement of transmission and gears for the drive shaftcan best be seen in Figure '1. At the opposite end of shaft 220 there isattached pump I24 which furnishes the vacuum for provision of suction asdescribed above.

Figures '7 and 9 further show the arrangement of the cam 54 and gearshafts associated with the transmission 2I0. Thus, the cam 54 which isattached to shaft 208 consists of a plate 222 fastened to a bushing 224which is keyed to the shaft 208. The plate 222 is provided with a seriesof holes 226 through which bolts 228 may be extended for fasteningadjustment patches 230 to the plate 222. These adjustment patches 238have over-size holes 232 for receiving the bolts 228, so that thepatches may be adjusted as to position relative to the plate 222 withthe result that a variation in the contour in the cam 54 may be obtainedin order to vary th different steps in the cycle of operation of thisinvention, as willbe more fully described hereinafter in relation toFigure 10.

As indicated above, the cam 54 controls the levers 42 and the roller 52which rides upon the cam 54 and is carried between the levers by the pin50. In addition, the cam 54 controls the action of the flame qualitycontrol means 88. This latter control is accomplished by the raising andlowering of the rod 234 by means of the clevis 236 which extends overthe pin 50.

The details of the flame quality control unit 88 are shown in Figure 8.Thus, at the end of the rod 234, ther is threaded a valve plug 238provided with radial holes 240 and 242 and longitudinal hole 246. Theplug 238 rides in fluidtight bearings 248 and 250 which are contained inthe chamber 252 of the valve housing 254. The housing 254 which isattached by means of bolts 256 to the base 80 also carries bearing 25-8through which the plug 238 moves. A second chamber 260 is superposedabove the chamber 252 and separated therefrom by means of the bearing250. An inlet tube 262 which is connected by flexible elbow 264 tooxygen supply line 266 enters the chamber 252. The chamber 260 isprovided with oxygen outlet line 268 to which is attached the flexibleoxygen tube I6. The control means 88 is completed by means.

.of an oil shield 210 which is retained between the end of the rod 234and the end of the plug 246. This shield 216 performs the dual purposeof limiting the descent of the plug 238 and also prevents oil or othercombustible matter from flowing past the bearing 258 into the chambers252 and 260.

As can be seen by comparison of Figure 5 and Figure 8 when the plug 238is raised through the action of the cam 54 so that hole 242 is abovebearing 250, oxygen will flow from line 266 through control means 88 andline I6 into the burner 4. On the other hand, when the plug is loweredby the action of the cam 54 so that hole 242 is below the bearing 250,the supply of oxygen to line I6 will be cut off. Adjustment can be madeby the clevis 236 so that the oxygen supply to the burner 4 will be cutoff by unit 88 during any desired portion of ascent and descent of theburner during the steps in the cycle of operation.

Returning for consideration of the chuck unit 2;. itwilli be seen thatthe gear liflcar-riestwo cams 21.2; anduzu which are located onoppositeCam sides of. the. gear I58 from one another. 27.2: is positioned uponthe gear I:58v so as to intermittently engage roller. I514 on lever- I64as the gear rotates and to thus actuatethe jaws I 3.8, of the chuck,.so.as. to grip. or releasethe moil.

The. cam 2:14 responsible for swinging chuck unit 2 for disposal of themoil. Thus, the. cam 214 is located so as to intermittently engageroller 216 which is located upon. semi-circular lever 2181 This lever278 is fulcrumed on rectangular. post 280. attached to arm I98. Theopposite end of the. lever 21B is provided with slot 282 whichslidablyengages pin 2 84 carried by the base I39.

Incperation, the gear I58 rotates and carries with it cam 214-. At theproper portion of the cycle, of operation the roller 216 engages the cam2145 and inso doing, forces the movable end of the. lever 278' againstthe pin 284, thus causing thebas'e I30 to swing as indicated inFigures-3 and 4,, for the disposal of the moil. Further rotation of thegear I58v carries the roller-276 beyond the peak of the cam 214 andpermits the base I30 to be drawn. back by the action of the spring I86into position for receival of another piece of glassware. The extent ofback swing of the base I 30 is governed by. stop plate 286, the positionof which can beadjusted by means of set screw 288 threaded through post280.

The earn 212 is so positioned relative to the cam 214 so that when theunit 2 has been swung tothe side, as shown in Figure 3, the roller I14will engage cam 212 causing the jaws I36 to open and drop the severedmoil 290 down the pipe 292 to a cullet receiver (not shown) The entirechuck unit 2 is provided with a removable cover 294 which is held on theunit by brace295.

The varioussteps in the cycle of operation can be explained withreference to Figure of the drawing. This figure shows the various stepsof operation in relationship to the portion of the control cam 54 towhich they relate. Thus, the cycle of operation comprises a loading andunloading step A, a fire polishing step B, a wall softening step 0, astretching step D, a severing step E and-a beading step F and apolishing and annealing step G. As explained above, the relative periodof time during which each of these steps is in' progress may be variedby mean of adjustment of the patches 239 upon the plate 222.

The operation of the apparatus during the entire cycle may becomprehended by reference to Figure lo'and Figure 1.

At. the beginning of the operation, 1. e., the loading step, the roller52 rides upon the portion A of the cam so that the holder 6 and slideare in the position shown in solid in Figure 1. The ware with moilattached is positioned in the holder-fi. As the cam 54 revolves, theroller contacts the fire polishing or B portion of the cam so that theslide 20 is raised uniformly with the result that the burner 4 travelsupwardly relative to the ware, impinging an annular flame upon the sidesof the ware, since during this step of operation the'holder 6 and wareI28 do not move vertically, but merely rotate. Within this period oftime the bracket 24 has been raised sufiiciently so that the bearing 66has contacted the adjustment nut 10 and the, shaft 62 together withholder G-andware I-28l has been raised. along with. the. burner 4. Atthe: same time, atmospheric bleeding or the suc-- tionvalve has beenstopped in the fashion described: above so that the ware i firmly heldin the holder 6 by means of the applied suction through the perforation58 in the plate 56. During the same: period of time, the chuck unit 2has been swung into the position shown in dotted section in' Figure landthe jaws I38 have been clamped over the moil.

Asthe camcontinues further rotation, the roller 54 contactsthe. wallsoftening or C portion of. the cam. During this period, the glass isrotated within the annular fiamewithout vertical movement,,sothattheglass at the junction of the moil and ware becomes soft.

Further rotation of the cam brings into play the, stretching portion D,with the result that the slide 20, burner 4 and holder 6, together withthe ware I28, are drawn down a short distance away from the moil, whichis retained against vertical movement by the jaws I38. Thereafter, thesevering portion E of the cam operates to cause the. flame to completelyburn through the stretched section of the glass. Then the beadingsection.F of the cam operates so that the burner proceeds downwardlywith the ware forming a bead upon the severed edge of the ware. Finally,the polishing and annealing section G causes further lowering of theslide so that the bearing 56 disengages from the adjustment nut I9 andthe burner proceeds down the ware to the unloading position, as shown insolid section in Figure 1. At the same time,,the position of the plug238 in the control unit 88 has been adjusted through the action of cam54 and-rod 234 so that the oxygen supply to the burner ha beendiscontinued. The completely severed, polished and annealed ware isthenremoved from the holder, from which the suction has been by this timediscontinued, and a new piece of glassware inserted for arepetition ofthe finishing operation.

This application is a division of my copending application, Serial No.755,789, filed June 19, 1947, now Patent No. 2,548,743.

Iclaim:

A process-of severing a moil from an article or glassware comprising thesteps of positively grasping, the moil from above while the same islocated with its longitudinal axis in a vertical position, severing themoil from the article of glassware by the action of a severing flame,swinging the moil horizontally away from the positionof severance andthen releasing'said positive grasp from said moil, whereby the samedrops for disposal.

CARL W. SCHREIBER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references, are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,577,538 Parker Mar. 23, 19261,577,654 Parker Mar. 23, 1926 1,577,655 Parker Mar. 23, 1926 1,741,662Schoonenberg Dec. 31, 1929 2,239,627 Schutz Apr. 22, 1941 2,361,484Lanzinger Oct. 31, 1944

